Serkan ŞAVK- Vize Konuları ve Çıkmış Sorular

Vize sınavında çıkmış essay soruları

1.cinema ve film arasındaki fark  ?

2.Non-disc nedir açıklayın ?

3.Montage ve editing arasındaki fark nedir ?

Final Sınavında çıkması muhtemel essay konuları

Mizahsen nasıl sağlanır ?

Realist and formalist düşünce nedir ?

Akira kurusowa ‘nın axial cutting yöntemi nedir ?

-          MCS 206 –

What is the cinema ?

Motion or movement moving pictures

1.Entertainment

2.Art (Culture) = different functıon perspective= knowledge and educated

3.İndustry – business – commerce or trade

4.communication ( information ) tool education – yönde propaganda + yönde bilgi

5.technology

İlkler

1895 the first show film

1915 futures silent film = live music

1922 radio series

1930 sound

1950 reaction of cinema TV

1975 cable

Late 1970 early 1980 video type

1990 Video = special effects,technology,famous actors and reason of expensive movies

Special Characteristics

1.      To create fantasy worlds

2.      Collaborative require a lot of people

3.      İnternation or universal

4.      Democratic

5.      Comperehensive

6.      Selectivity = detayları daha rahat gösterir yakın çekim cutting

7.      Spectacle emotion

8.      İnteriority

Filmler/Films

Mother / Mat

1926 russia

Directed by Vsevolod Pudovkin who is soviet filmmaker,scripwriter,actor and film theorist.Known with his influencial montage techniques.

Battleship Potemkin

Directed by Sergei M.Einstein who is soviet filmmaker and film theorist

Camera sabit.Resim gibi.

La Grande Illussıon

·         Directed by Jean Renoir who is made 40 silent film and sound films.

·         Selective focus,not moving camera.Bir kamerayla 2 sahne birden çekiliyor.Long shot

·         Charlie Chaplin ve La Grande Illussıon arasındakı fark nedir ? ****

·         Tek benzerlik çekim yöntemi ( Long shot ) realistic

·         Farkları ise Chaplin filmleri tiyatro gibi sahne değişimleri fark edilir.Diyalog yok kamera hareketlerini göremiyoruz.Kameranın varlığını hissedemiyoruz oyunculuk ön planda.2 boyutlu ve derinlik yok.

·         La Grande Illussıon kamera hareketleri fark edilir.3 boyutlu ve derinlik var.

Perspective var.Telescoping technique belli bir tarihsel dönemi anlatıyor.Günümüze dair bir şeyler sölüyor.Savaş karşıtı hümanist.

Orson Welles

·         American film director.

·          Citizen Kane was his first film

·         British film instite (2002) de tüm zamanların en iyi yönetmeni

·         Citizen Kane

·         Macbeth

·         The Stranger

·         Magnificent Ambersons

·         The Tready of Othello

·         Touch of Evil

·         The Lady from Shangai

-CİTİZEN KANE ( DİRECTED BY ORSON WELLES )

·         Formalistic camera movements(fast),diagetic and non-diagetec sounds var.Uzun ve kapsamlı kamera hareketleri.Mekanlar ve ışıklar gerçeküstü.

·         Deep Focus ile çalışıyor.

·         Tek kamerayla birden fazla kamera hareketi.

·         Selective deep focus

·         Theatrical and dramatic use of deep focus

·         Indoor shootings and studio environment

·         Sophisticated camera,lighting and make-up

·         Proffessional actors

·         Space huge everythıng rıch

·         Imagınary place

·         Abartılı ve dramatic ısık kullanıyor

·         Studyo’da yaratılmış kamera hareketleri.

Bicycle Thieves ( Bisiklet Hırsızları )

·         Directed by Vittoria De Sica

·         Savaş sonrası İtalya’da ki yoksulluğu fakirliği olduğu gibi gösteriyor.

·         Mekanlar daha gerçekçi = Grande ıllussıon arasındakı fark ( çok daha mizansen)

·         Deep focus and sıradan insan hikayesi dönemi anlatmaya çalışıyor.

400 Blows

·         Drama and crime

·         Francais Traffout

·         Handheld shot used generally

·         Long shot take.Slowly camera movements.Life goes on background.

·         Izleyıcıyle dogrudan kontakt kuruyor.

Seven Samurai

·         Directed by Akira Kurosowa

·         The most well-known director of Japaneese

·         Focused on historical period and events,moral issues,generational conflicts and local culture

·         Influenced most of the popular directors.

Personel Style

·         Axial cut = close up gittikçe objeden uzaklaşıyor

·         Fragmentation of space = mekanı parçalara ayırıyor.

·         Wipe transition = sahnenin siyahtan beyaza geçmesi

·         Cutting usually action halinde

·         Composition and ışığın yarattığı derınlık mekanı farklı cekım acılarıyla parçalara ayırıyor.

On the waterfront

·         Directed by Elia Kazan

·         Marlon Brando

·         Focused and social issues and realist stories

·         Gave great importance to acting in his films

Raging bull (1980)

·        Directed by Martin Seorsise

·        Olayın içindeymiş gibi lens çekimleri izliyiciymiş hissi veriyor.

·        Kamera hareketleri close –up hikayeyle kamera hareketleri paralel.

THE MATCH FACTORY GIRL

·        Aki Kaurismaki

·        Started his career as a co-director

·        Deep focus and less moving camera for create mizansen

·        Gerçekliği parçalıyor.Müzikler mizansen yaratıyor.Diyalog nerdeyse yok filmin anlaşılmama korkusu da yok.Homojen toplumların aile yapısı.İşçi sınıfı duygusal açıdan seçilmiş,cinsel açıdan kadın hayatına bakması.Film boyunca içilen sigaranın kibritle yakılması.

Editing and Montage

Montage refers to particular method of editing.Bir olaydan diğer bir olaya aynı sahnede geçmesine montage denir.

Two ends of the stylistic scale

*Realism

·         Sense of reality

·         Less manipulation ( image,audience,story)

·         Naturalistic use of deep focus

·         Handheld camera

·         Minimal use of techniques

·         Non-proffessional actors

·         Focus on social issues

·         Long takes ( editing,cutting)

Formalism

·         Manipulated images

·         Comprehensive use of techniques ( special effect )

·         Artificial costumes and locations ( studio )

·         Complicated camera work

Classizm

Between formalism and realism nure bilge ceylan filmleri

Depth of Field , Deep focus and deep composition

These are used by the realist director.moving camera less.same camera position you can see everything.most of the objects.

Style,sound,diegetic and non-diegetic

Sound and sound design

Human voice

·         Dialogoues

·         Voice over narration

Sound effect

·         Synchronous sound = görebildiğin ve duyabildiğin

·         Asynchronous sound = ses efekti

Ambient = Yerin oluşturduğu atmosphere sound.Background sounds of a given location.

Digital sound effects

Music  ( soundtrack ) = the music of films

Sound-on-disc

-          A sound technology where a phonograph or a record is synchronized with the projection

Sound-on-film

-          Sound recorded on the film strip

Diagetic sound and Non-diagetic sound

1.Diageteic sound = Kaynağını biliyoruz.Sounds ( and other elements ) whose source is visible on the screen or  whose source is implied to be present by the action of the film

2.Non-diagetic sound = Sound ( and other elements ) whose source is not visible on the screen.Non-diagetic is represented as coming from a source outside storty.

On screen & off screen = Diagetic sound can be either on screen or screen depending on whatever its source is within the frame or outside the frame.

Non-diagetic = text over= 3rd person karakterlerden biri olmayan

Aynı zamanda bir şey hem ekran dışında olup hem diagetic olabilir.örneğin dışarıdan gelen yağmur sesi ekranda göremesende kaynağını biliyorsun bu yüzden diagetic.

Wave, Movements and School

Wave ( akım ) = certain period time

·         A flexible or strong consensus.

·         A spontonious or organized group of actors ( filmmakers )

·         A common preferences on film language,technique and politics.

·         An alternative and critical approach against the ruling values of the industry.

·         Influencial during a particular period of time only.

·         Most waves are shaped around national cinemas but national cinemas cannot be defined as waves or movements.

·         Akımlar ulusul sinemanın içerisinde ortaya çıkıyor.Sonrasında diğer ülkeleri etkiliyor.

School

·         Hollywood and Yeşilçam

·         Similar to wave and movements

·         Shaped around on institution or teaching tradition

·         Parallel cinema

·         French New wave

·         Soviet paralel cinema

·         Italian new wave

·         National cinema wave

·         The Dogme 1995

Two importan waves

1.      Italian New Realism

·         Between 1944 and early 1950s

·         Revolved around the cinema magazines ( people start make discussion )

Characteristics

·         Non-proffessional actors

·         On-location shooting ( poor )

·         Realist style

·         Focus on poverty and working class

Representative filmmaker

·         Roberto Rossellini = açık şehir roma

·         Vittoria de Sica

·         Luchiano Visconti

·         Federicco Fellini

·         Giuseppe de Santis

French New Wave

·         La Nouvelle Vague

·         1950s and 60s time period

·         Influenced by Italian New Realism

Characteristics

·         Existential themes = varoluşçuluk

·         Absurdity

·         Agains the classical rules

·         Realist style

·         On – location shooting

·         Low-budger productions

Representatives

·         Jean-Luc Godand , Francais Traffaout

Adaptation

·         Which means transferring a written work to film.

Remake

·         Making a film which is based on the script / plot of a previously produced film

Hommage

·         A film which is demonstrates respect  or dedication to someone or a previously film produced.

Parody = Dikkat çeken bölümlerini komik hale getirmek.

-          Mise en scene –

·         Design aspect of stage or film production.

1.Production design ( art director ) every diagetic

* Decor

* Costums

* Make – up

* Production tools

* Lens choice

* Camera movements

2.Lighting

Three point lighting

1.      High lighting

2.      Fill Light

3.      Backlight

3.ACTİNG = actors

4.PLACEMENT

*  where the characters and objects are placed on the frame

Spatial relationship

Narrative ( anlatı )

-          Connected events

-          Creativity

-          Different media

-          Telling or showing language

Story

-          Sequence of events in a narrative

Plot

-          Relation between event=olay örgüsü

Storytelling

-          Conveying of events

Screenplay

-          Technical description

Treatment

-          Short story version of screen play

Synopsis

-          One page summary of screenplay

ELEMENTS OF NARRATİON

1.TİME

*  manipulating the time ( jumps,fast motion,slow motion )

* the time of a film is always the present time

* linear time or non linear time

PEOPLE

-          Protogonist ( main character )

-          Supporting character

-          Stereotypes

HAPPENINGS/EVENTS

-          Action-counter action

-          Representation by action

Film İndustry

·         Commercial network of film production,marketing,distribution and watching practices

·         Films

·         Film production companies

·         Studios

·         Audience

·         Distribution

·         Marketing

·         Supplementary products: DvDs,posters,toys,hediyelik eşya

·         Moviee theatres

·         Artists and proffessionals

·         Festival and competitions

·         Funding institution = fon sağlayan

·         Governmental and state institutes : Ministry of CULTURE.Trt etc

·         Other media :Tv,sattellite,cable

·         Most industries are shaped around national borders : Hollywood

·         Some countries have more than a singla industrial network

Indıa

·         Bollywood

·         Telagu cinema

·         Tamil cinema